The Indonesian government has revised its luxury goods tax policy (in Indonesia known as PPnBM) for (luxury) property. Previously, apartments with a selling price of at least IDR 10 billion (approx. USD $700,000) and houses with a selling price of at least IDR 20 billion (approx. USD $1.4 million) were subject to a 20 percent luxury goods tax. The latest revision has now raised the minimum price of the property to IDR 30 billion (approx. USD $2.1 million) for all types of property.

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Although Indonesia's central bank (Bank Indonesia) lowered its benchmark interest rate by 150 basis points in 2016 and eased the nation's loan-to-value (LTV) ratio, implying it should be easier for Indonesian consumers to buy a house or apartment, the disbursement of house ownership credit (kredit pemilikan rumah, abbreviated as KPR) and apartment ownership credit (kredit pemilikan apartment, KPA) in Indonesia remains bleak so far in 2017.

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Colliers International Indonesia, a leading commercial real estate consultancy, expects to see an improvement in the residential property sector of Indonesia in 2017, particularly in the capital city of Jakarta, after this sector experienced two weak years previously. In terms of sales and price increases, apartments are most the promising property object this year according to analysts.

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Property market research firm Colliers International Indonesia said Indonesia's residential apartment sector remained weak in the first quarter of 2016. The sector is still feeling the impact of the slowdown in the overall property sector of Indonesia that occurred over the past two years. Ferry Salanto, Associate Director for Research at Colliers International Indonesia, said only three new apartment projects were launched in Jakarta in Q1-2016: (1) The Residence at The St Regis Jakarta, (2) Arandra Residence and (3) the Victoria Tower Fatmawati City Center (these projects are expected to be completed by 2019 or 2020).

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Despite the slowdown that occurred in Indonesia's property sector amid the overall cooling economy, at least 54 apartment projects are currently being developed in the capital city of Jakarta in 2016, nearly all of these projects are situated outside the city's central business district. Investment in apartments remains attractive for both the developer and end-user (or investor), various property watchers say. Meanwhile, global rating agency Standard & Poor's Financial Services says the outlook for Indonesian property developers this year depends on the passing of the tax amnesty bill.

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AkzoNobel, the Dutch multinational that is primarily engaged in the fields of decorative paints, performance coatings and specialty chemicals, stated that it has shifted its focus from China to Southeast Asia, particularly Indonesia and Vietnam. Ton Buchner, Chief Executive Officer of AkzoNobel, said growth in China has lost its decade-long momentum and thus AkzoNobel will reduce investment realization in China and instead focus on new growth markets in Southeast Asia.

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As reported previously, the Indonesian government plans to revise a law that bans foreign ownership of property in Indonesia (i.e. Government Regulation No. 41/1996 on Housing for Foreigners Residing in Indonesia). In a bid to boost tax revenue as well as the domestic property industry, the government will allow foreigners (expats) to buy, own, inherit and trade luxurious apartments that have a minimum value of IDR 5 billion (USD $375,000). It is important to note that any other type of property in Indonesia cannot be owned by foreigners.

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Several days ago Indonesian Finance Minister Bambang Brodjonegoro announced that the government may soon allow foreigners to own luxurious apartments in the bigger cities of Indonesia. His ministry is currently focused on revising Government Regulation No. 41/1996 on Housing for Foreigners Residing in Indonesia which still forbids foreigners (expats) owning any type of property in Indonesia. Indonesian property developers have warmly welcomed the new plan of the government as it brings more opportunities to the property sector.

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Indonesian Finance Minister Bambang Brodjonegoro is completing a study related to the possibility of allowing foreign ownership of property in Indonesia. In a bid to generate more state revenue through taxation, the Indonesian government may allow foreigners (expats) to own luxurious (residential) apartments in the bigger cities of Indonesia. These apartments should be worth at least IDR 5 billion (approx. USD $375,940) according to current proposals. Brodjonegoro emphasized that expats will not be allowed to own landed houses.

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The Indonesia Property Watch (IPW) expects that property prices in Indonesia will rise in early 2015 as a result of the recent subsided fuel price hike. On 18 November 2014, the Indonesian government raised prices of subsidized low-octane gasoline and diesel by more than 30 percent in an effort to create more fiscal room for economic and social development. The central bank responded to this move by raising its key interest rate (BI rate) by 25 basis points to 7.75 percent in an attempt to combat accelerated inflation.

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So far East Jakarta has been left behind in terms of property development in the capital city of Indonesia. For many decades Central and South Jakarta have seen the construction of many residential property and office tower projects. Recently, West Jakarta experienced a major surge in property development. Few investors, however, dared to develop projects in East Jakarta as demand from the (upper) middle class and elite for property or offices in East Jakarta has been low.

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When walking around the Taman Anggrek Mall and Central Park Mall in West Jakarta, you will see several big property projects being built: a new mall (Neo Soho Mall), apartment complexes (Neo Soho Apartments and Taman Anggrek Residences) and a new office tower (Soho Capital). In terms of property development in Indonesia, West Jakarta now seems developers' favorite location. Hari Raharta, Secretary-General of the Indonesian Real Estate Developers Association (REI), informed, however, West Jakarta has seen solid property development since the opening of the Jakarta-Tangerang toll road back in 1984.

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Indonesia opened the property market to those foreigners who reside (legally) in Indonesia. However, it also set tough requirements regarding foreign ownership of Indonesian property. Moreover, it remains nearly impossible for expats to obtain a local mortgage to finance the purchase of property. Although local credit may actually not be attractive for foreigners as interest rates are high in Indonesia, it is interesting to take a closer look at why Indonesian banks reject to sell mortgages to foreigners and whether foreigners are actually enticed to buy property in Indonesia?

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Foreigners (expats) can buy a landed house or apartment in Indonesia (under the so-called 'right-of-use' category, locally known as hak pakai, which is weaker than the ‘right-of-ownership’ category or hak milik). However, the government set various requirements (including a minimum price). A new regulation stipulates a foreigner is not allowed to rent out his Indonesian property to other parties (authorities have the right to scrap the foreigner's 'right-of-use' title if he breaches this prohibition). Ferry Mursyidan Baldan, Indonesia's Agrarian and Spatial Planning Minister, provided an update on the issue of 'foreign property ownership in Indonesia'.

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Soon it will be made easier to buy property in Indonesia as the country’s central bank (Bank Indonesia) plans to ease down payment (DP) requirements for mortgages. Today (22/05), Bank Indonesia Governor Agus Martowardojo told reporters that the DP obligation for first-home buyers will be lowered from 30 percent to 20 percent of the property’s value. This relaxation should have a positive effect on the performance of Indonesia’s financial institutions and property developers as demand for loans and property is assumed to grow.

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One of the ambitious targets of the Indonesian government is the realization of the “One Million Houses Program”. Through this program - scheduled to be launched on 30 April 2015 in Central Java by President Joko Widodo - the government aims to provide adequate housing facilities to low income citizens. Over half of these houses will be built using funds from the country’s state budget. State funds will also be used to finance the Housing Loan Liquidity Facility, government-backed mortgages for low-income people.

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Despite having slowed in recent years, there is still ample room for growth in Indonesia’s property sector, particularly strata title apartments in the capital city of Jakarta (‘strata title’ refers to the multi-level apartment blocks and horizontal subdivisions with shared areas). In 2015, a total of 46 property projects are expected to finish, supplying 24,954 new apartment units (with a combined value of USD $1.25 billion) to Jakarta, an 18.98 percent increase from last year’s new apartments realization.

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Indonesia's residential property market has shown robust growth in recent years as demand from the country's rapidly expanding middle class for mid-level and luxury property increased steadily amid a low interest rate environment and robust national economic growth. Demand for property is also backed by high consumer confidence as a recent Nielsen survey shows that Indonesians are among the world's most confident consumers. Indonesians' consumer confidence was at a four-year high in the fourth quarter of 2013.

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According to Ferry Salanto, Associate Research Director at Colliers International Indonesia, the weakening rupiah exchange rate against the US dollar in recent months has resulted in an increase of property sales in Indonesia, particularly apartments. Salanto says it is not just an investment for the buyer but also a matter of security. Property is currently a better and safer alternative to the holding of rupiahs. In the third quarter of 2013, property sales increased despite the higher benchmark interest rate and the tightening property credit environment.

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Bank Indonesia amended its regulation concerning the Loan To Value (LTV) and Financing To Value (FTV) ratio for property credit and property-backed consumer loans. The LTV/FTV ratio is the ratio between the value of credit/financing that can be allocated by a bank and the corresponding value of collateral in the form of property when the loan is allocated. Property is real property that includes houses, vertical housing (apartments, flats, condominiums and penthouses), home offices and home stores.

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